The Science of Light: From White to RGB

When a beam of white light, composed of three converging monochromatic sources—red, green, and blue—passes through a slit, it is decomposed into its constituent colors. This results in three distinct vertical bands—red, green, and blue—which are projected onto a screen.

If an obstacle, such as a vertical wooden rod, is placed before the slit, it partially blocks some of the light components. As a result, three vertical stripes—cyan, magenta, and yellow—appear at the location of the slit. These colors are the complements of the original light sources and emerge through subtractive color mixing:

  • Cyan appears where red is blocked.
  • Magenta appears where green is blocked.
  • Yellow appears where blue is blocked.

By moving the rod, one can control which complementary color passes through the slit. This complementary color then cancels out its corresponding primary color behind the slit. For example, if magenta passes through, it eliminates green from the screen.

The concept of additive color mixing can be confusing for those who aren’t familiar with artistic or design principles. This is because people are generally more accustomed to subtractive color mixing, which is how colors blend in the physical world, such as when mixing pigments like paints or inks. In contrast, the additive color model describes how light produces color.

Sphere of Influence of Our Ego

Imperialism is not limited to a group or a country. In fact, each of us is, in essence, an imperialist, striving—whether subtly or forcefully, skillfully or clumsily—to expand his / her sphere of influence in the world. The methods we employ vary from person to person: some are conciliators, while others are more combative.
When I was 25, I empirically explored how these spheres of influence, which I termed ECFs, interacted between two individuals. To make the concept understandable, I employed the metaphor of colors. This brief is discussed in my book, “Le Voile d’Iris” (French edition, see image below). Perhaps one day, I will revisit this study to develop it into something more rigorous.

Van Gogh and the Path to Abstraction

In the painting La Maison Blanche, la Nuit (1890), Vincent van Gogh’s vivid brushstrokes, layered over background hues, give the artwork a surreal dimension. His late works are marked by these expressive strokes, almost like vectors of the soul, stirring and expanding the space within his compositions.

La Maison Blanche, la Nuit, 1890, Vincent van Gogh, in the Hermitage Museum.

Had Van Gogh shifted toward a greater focus on minimalist expression rather than detailed representation, his work might have evolved in a more abstract direction. This evolution could have shared similarities with pioneers like Kandinsky and Mondrian, particularly in their use of pure form and color. However, Van Gogh’s distinct style would have likely led him toward a more organic abstraction, where his vibrant palette could have become swirling, interlacing forms—creating a dynamic sense of color and movement that might have hinted at the future development of Abstract Expressionism.

Mystic Flying Bat

Mystic Flying Bat is a mixed-media artwork I created back in 2010. It was the starting point for a series of pieces in a similar style, some of which I screen-printed using different color palettes. With this work, I wanted to invite viewers to think about an intriguing question: What is movement?

What makes this kinoptic artwork special is the way it creates the illusion of motion. As you look at it, the black bat seems to flutter, expand, or shift. But here’s the fascinating part—if you stare at it long enough and then close your eyes, a white bat will appear in your mind!

Kinoptic designs, like this one, play with our perception, making still images feel alive. It’s all about the clever use of contrasting colors and the precise arrangement of shapes.

Curious about how to create something like this yourself? I’ve put together a tutorial you can check out.

If you’d like to own a print or canvas of Mystic Flying Bat, you can find them here.

Gliding Patterns: The Anomalous Motion Illusion

Let your gaze wander across the image below. Do the shapes in the first and third rows seem to subtly shift leftward, while the second and fourth rows appear to glide rightward?

© Gianni A. Sarcone, Gliding Patterns, 1999

Now, let your gaze wander across the image below. Do the concentric circles appear to subtly counter-rotate?

© Gianni A. Sarcone, Counter-Rotating Circles, 1999

Why do these static images appear to move? This perceptual phenomenon, known as “anomalous motion” or “peripheral drift illusion”, results from the interplay of color contrast, luminance, and eye movements. It occurs due to a sawtooth luminance grating in the visual periphery, where a sequence of contrasting colors transitions from light to dark. The speed of the perceived motion is influenced by the frequency of microsaccadic eye movements.

In the 1990s, I began creating many of these fascinating images, experimenting with patterns and contrasts to bring this mesmerizing effect to life.

Fine art prints and merchandise of these mesmerizing pieces are available in my online gallery—a perfect addition to any space!

Mesmerizing Color-Changing Squid

Squids are basically the chameleons of the sea, and their secret weapon? Chromatophores—tiny skin cells that let them pull off some mind-blowing color changes. Whether it’s blending into a coral reef or throwing out some serious “back off” vibes, these little guys do it all. Right now, though, this squid seems to be saying: “Hey genius, put me back in the water before you turn me into calamari!”

Chromatophores of the Squid: How Do They Work?
Chromatophores are pigment-containing cells found in the skin of squids and other cephalopods. These cells expand and contract to display different colors, allowing the squid to blend into its surroundings, communicate with others, or signal threats. They play a vital role in the squid’s survival.

The Red Wine Color Illusion

Does the color of wine change when poured into a glass?
Although it may appear darker, the red shade remains the same. This visual trick is a result of the Munker-White illusion—where our brain perceives colors differently depending on their surrounding context.

If you’re fascinated by puzzles like this, reach out to my syndication agent to feature them in your publication.

This op art piece is also available as prints and canvases in my online gallery.

The Red Mesh Ruse

With Christmas around the corner, mandarins and oranges start popping up everywhere. In supermarkets, you’ll often find oranges wrapped in red mesh bags. But that choice isn’t just for looks—it’s a clever sales trick.

Why red mesh? It’s a simple way to make oranges seem more appealing to our eyes and brains, even if the fruit is a bit lackluster. Scientists have studied this phenomenon, which they call the “Confetti illusion.” Arriving fashionably late to the scene, they discovered the visual effect caused by the red mesh bag. They’ve given it the grand name “perceptual ripening of oranges,” but let’s be real—it’s just color assimilation doing the work.

Color assimilation is when different hues blend in our perception, changing how we see things. In this case, the red mesh combines with the actual color of the fruit (fig. A), making the oranges look brighter and more appealing (fig. B)—a little trick on the eyes.

Scientists recently confirmed what artists and salespeople have known for centuries: color assimilation can shape how we see things, especially in shopping. The illusion works because most people trust what they see without taking a closer look. But once out of the red mesh, the oranges often aren’t as shiny or ripe as they first appeared.

Curious to learn more about how color influences perception? Check out my color research and visual experiments on my Behance page.

Triangles of Beauty

Introducing my latest creation, Triangles of Beauty—a minimalist mosaic that blends geometric precision with visual intrigue. This op art piece showcases a striking arrangement of triangular shapes in sepia tones, merging rich shades of brown and beige. The triangle, a timeless symbol, embodies the balance of masculine and feminine energies, forming a harmonious third element that transcends duality. It represents strength, unity, and the divine—a visual echo of the trinity, where individual components unite into something greater.

Step back and let the patterns unfold to reveal the depth within this thought-provoking piece.

This thought-provoking op art piece is available in my online galleries:

· Redbubble

· Fine Art America

Moona Lisa

In 1997, I remixed the Leonardo da Vinci’s famous painting Mona Lisa, into 142 perfectly spaced color beads placed at the intersections of an imaginary two-dimensional triangular network. Close up, the picture of the set of beads makes no sense, but if you see it from a distance you will perceive (or at least ‘guess’?) the portrait of Mona Lisa, the most famous Leonardo Da Vinci’s painting.

hidden mona lisa
Hidden Mona Lisa (1997), © Gianni A. Sarcone
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