mechanism

The Haunting Song of Inca Whistling Vessels

Gianni Sarcone

Ancient Inca “whistling vessels” (huaco silbadores in Spanish) could mimic animal calls—powered by nothing more than air and water. As water moves between connected chambers, it forces air through hidden whistles, releasing haunting, lifelike sounds.

These remarkable ceramics, found across several pre-Columbian cultures including the Inca, Chimu, and Moche, date back more than 2,000 years. Often uncovered in tombs and ceremonial sites, they likely played a role in rituals to honor nature, communicate with spirits, or accompany sacred ceremonies—though their exact purpose remains a mystery.

Layering Up: A Creative Look at AI

Gianni Sarcone

Ever wondered how Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) process images? Imagine putting a photo through a pasta machine… TWICE! This creative experiment, inspired by artist Kensuke Koike, demonstrates how CNNs break down data into smaller, layered features, just like the pasta machine creates four clear images from a single input.

© Kensuke Koike

THE FIRST GREATEST ILLUSION

Gianni Sarcone

The very first illusion is to believe that there is one, unique world of perception. The mind and the world we experience are inseparable, as it is the mind that makes the world meaningful. Our mind IS our world. Despite the fact that our mental construct of what is perceived is distinct from the objective reality, our mind accepts it as real.

Every organism, man as well as animal, lives in its own subjective spatiotemporal world that semiotic philosophers call ‘Umwelt’ (from the German Umwelt, ‘surrounding world’, or ‘life-world’). According to the biologist Jakob J. von Uexküll, organisms and their life-world shape each other in a functional loop (see fig. below): interactions between the subject and the outer world, mediated through the sense and effect organs, determine the world framework of the subject. Thus, a particular stimulus which has a perceptive cue or meaning to the subject induces always a purposeful reaction.

feedback loop of information

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Early Projector

Gianni Sarcone

This Roman artifact is considered a possible precursor to the magic lantern. According to the Italian engineer and author Flavio Russo, placing the flame of a candle or small lantern behind the elliptical lens could project the image or portrait painted on its surface onto a white wall, operating on the same basic principle as modern slide projectors. A comparable concept was later explored in the 17th century by Athanasius Kircher, who demonstrated the projection of images using light and lenses—an early step toward the development of the magic lantern.

elliptic lens with portrait
Portrait on an elliptic lens, artifact from Pompei – Naples National Archaeology Museum.

Reuleaux-triangle intermittent mechanisms

Gianni Sarcone

The Reuleaux triangle is a convex triangle-like shape, each side of which is an arc centered on the opposite vertex. Any curve of constant width can form a rotor within a square, a shape that can perform a complete rotation while staying within the square and at all times touching all four sides of the square.

Intermittent motion mechanisms were first used in sewing machines, nowadays they are used in many mechanical applications to index film in cameras, projectors, and in film processing equipment…

Reuleaux mechanism